Tropical Parula

The tropical parula is about 11 cm (4.3 in) long and weighs 6.5 to 8.0 g (0.23 to 0.28 oz). Adult males of subspecies S. p. nigrilora have a mostly blue-gray head with black lores and a small black mask. Their upperparts are also mostly blue-gray with an olive mantle. Their wings are blue-gray with white tips on the greater and median coverts that show as two wing bars. Their tail is blue-gray with large white spots near the ends of the feathers. Their throat and underparts to the belly are yellow with a strong orange wash on the lower throat, upper breast, and flanks. Voice: Male tropical parulas sing; apparently females do not. In the northern subspecies they have two general song types, a "repeated series of relatively simple syllables, increasing in tempo and pitch, forming rising trill that usually ends with buzzy downslur" and "several simple and complex syllables arranged according to no readily discernible syntax".